Šābuhr
Shapur I
The Great
Biography
Shapur I, son of Ardashir I, was one of the most powerful Sasanian monarchs. He fought three campaigns against Rome, defeating three emperors and capturing Valerian at the Battle of Edessa in 260 CE – the only time a Roman emperor was taken prisoner. His rock reliefs at Naqsh-e Rostam and Bishapur celebrate these victories.
Key Achievements
- Captured Roman Emperor Valerian
- Defeated three Roman Emperors
- Expanded empire to its first great extent
- Founded several cities including Bishapur
- Patronized scholars from across the world